Bute, or phenylbutazone, is a common anti-inflammatory drug used to treat pain and swelling in horses. It is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory (NSAID) and is used to treat a variety of conditions from muscle soreness to arthritis. Bute is also used to treat colic, as it is believed to reduce gut spasms. Though it is commonly used by veterinarians and horse owners, Bute can be dangerous for horses if not used and monitored properly.
Why is Bute Prescribed?
Bute is prescribed to horses to reduce inflammation and pain in the joints, muscles, and other soft tissues. It is used to treat a variety of conditions, including lameness, arthritis, colic, and laminitis. Bute can also be used to reduce the fever that can come with infection or injury.
What Are the Risks of Giving Bute?
Though Bute is generally safe when used correctly, there are certain risks associated with giving it to horses. These include:
- Gastrointestinal ulcers: Gastrointestinal ulcers can occur when horses are given Bute for long periods of time. This is because the drug can reduce the amount of protective mucus in the stomach and intestines, making them more susceptible to ulcers.
- Kidney damage: Bute can cause damage to the kidneys, especially in horses that are dehydrated or have other existing kidney problems. It is important to monitor horses closely for signs of kidney damage when they are being given Bute.
- Hepatic damage: Bute can also cause damage to the liver, which can lead to severe illness. Signs of liver damage can include jaundice, lethargy, and changes in appetite.
- Allergic reactions: Horses may have allergic reactions to Bute, which can range from mild to severe. If a horse has an allergic reaction, it is important to stop giving them Bute and seek veterinary care immediately.
How to Monitor a Horse That is on Bute
When a horse is on Bute, it is important to monitor them closely for signs of adverse reactions or side effects. The following should be monitored:
- Gastrointestinal tract: It is important to monitor the horse for changes in appetite, nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea.
- Urinary system: The horse should be monitored for changes in urine output or discoloration of the urine.
- Liver: The horse should be monitored for jaundice, lethargy, changes in appetite, or changes in behavior.
- Skin: The horse should be monitored for any signs of a rash or hives.
Signs of an Overdose
It is important to monitor a horse that is being given Bute, as an overdose can be dangerous. Signs of an overdose include:
- Lethargy: The horse may be more tired than usual and have difficulty getting up.
- Excessive sweating: The horse may be excessively sweaty and may have increased respiratory rate.
- Loss of appetite: The horse may not eat or drink as much as usual.
- Diarrhea: The horse may have diarrhea or other gastrointestinal issues.
- Increased heart rate: The horse may have an increased heart rate, which can be dangerous.
If a horse is showing signs of an overdose, it is important to seek veterinary care immediately.
How to Tell If a Horse Has Been Given Bute
It can be difficult to tell if a horse has been given Bute, as many of the signs are similar to those of other conditions and illnesses. However, there are a few signs that may indicate that a horse has been given Bute:
- Increased thirst: Bute can cause increased thirst in horses, as it can cause dehydration.
- Loss of appetite: Bute can cause horses to lose their appetite, as it can cause gastrointestinal irritation.
- Weight loss: Bute can cause weight loss in horses, as they may not be eating as much due to their decreased appetite.
- Behavioral changes: Bute can cause horses to become more aggressive or anxious, as it can cause changes in the central nervous system.
Side Effects of Bute
Though Bute is generally safe when used correctly, there are certain side effects that can occur in horses. These include:
- Diarrhea: Bute can cause diarrhea or other gastrointestinal issues in horses.
- Lethargy: Bute can cause horses to be more tired than usual and have difficulty getting up.
- Excessive sweating: Bute can cause horses to be excessively sweaty and have an increased respiratory rate.
- Behavioral changes: Bute can cause horses to become more aggressive or anxious.
If a horse is showing any of these side effects, it is important to contact a veterinarian for advice.
How Long Does Bute Stay in the Horse’s System?
Bute is generally detectable in a horse’s system for up to 72 hours after administration. However, this can vary depending on the dose and the individual horse.
What to Do If You Suspect a Horse Has Been Given Bute?
If you suspect that a horse has been given Bute, it is important to contact a veterinarian right away. The veterinarian will be able to determine if the horse has been given Bute and can provide advice on how to best care for the horse.
Conclusion
Bute is a common anti-inflammatory drug used to treat pain and swelling in horses. Though it is generally safe when used correctly, there are certain risks and side effects associated with the drug. It is important to monitor horses closely for signs of adverse reactions or side effects, and to contact a veterinarian if you suspect a horse has been given Bute.